梨树盛年如何修剪？

盛果梨树的修剪原理是什么？梨树满果怎么修剪？高峰期修剪梨树需要注意什么？下面简单介绍一下，供网友参考。

一般12~13年生后，梨树将进入结果期，树形已完成，骨架已形成，树势趋于稳定，有大量的果实和稳产优质的条件。此时修剪的主要任务是：保持适度健壮的树势和良好的树体结构，改善光照，调节生长与结果的矛盾，更新复壮结果枝群，防止大小年结果，尽可能延长结果期。

适中健壮的梨树是稳产高产优质的基础。树势中等的标准是：外围新梢生长30 ~ 50cm，长枝占总枝数的10% ~ 15%，中短枝占85% ~ 90%，短枝占总枝数的30% ~ 40%。叶厚，芽满，枝壮，布局合理。如果树势偏强，用慢修剪手法，多疏少伐，直立走平斜，弱枝带头，多留花多结果，以果压势。如果树势较弱，就用修剪的手法来帮助它，提高枝条的角度，加强枝条和芽的带头作用，把过于密集的枝条削薄削薄，加强回缩和修剪，少留花少果，使树恢复活力。中度树的修剪要稳，不能忽视重，各种修剪方法要配合使用，并及时更新复壮结果枝组，保持树势的适度健壮。

梨树结果枝群中的枝可分为三类：结果枝、储备枝和营养枝，各占1/3。修剪时应区别对待，进行平衡修剪，以保持结果枝群的持续结果能力。对于新培育的结果枝群，要抑制前者，促进后者，使枝群紧凑；衰老枝组应及时更新复壮，采取去弱留强、去斜留直、去密留稀、少花少果等方法恢复其生长势。多年生枝条结果后会及时回缩，加强枝芽牵拉，缩短枝轴。去掉细而密的枝干，压缩重叠的枝干，打通空间和光路。

梨树是喜光树种，保持树冠通风透光是盛果期树木修剪的主要任务之一。解决树冠内光照问题的方法有：

1.由于各种原因，梨树中心的领导种植了过多的枝条，导致树冠内枝条过于密集，不仅影响通风透光，也不利于树木作业，如喷洒化学药剂等。还会导致大树枝下部出现秃带。然后要根据预定的树形和实际情况重新选择主枝和其他骨干枝。去除多余的大枝和辅助枝，或将辅助枝改造成结果枝，但大枝要逐年去除改造。锯断大树枝要注意锯法。因为大树枝体积大，伤口也大，容易撕裂树皮。应该使用保护剂来防止伤口被细菌感染。冬季修剪时，最好给被修剪的枝条留30cm长的木桩。春天过后，树液会流出来，然后把树桩锯掉，伤口就容易愈合了。锯开的伤口更大。表面粗糙。用锋利的修枝刀将银口的树皮和木质部削平，然后用2%硫酸铜溶液或0.1%升汞水或刘诗混合原液消毒，并使用煤焦油、石蜡、铅油或防诱漆等保护剂。

2.门口梨树侧枝的形成主要是由于

4.留花留果是提高果实品质、降低果龄的重要措施。一般弱梨树在采取促花措施后，往往会形成花蕾过多、花果过多的现象，因此要采取疏花疏果措施。否则会加重大小年现象，折断大枝，树势衰弱，易干腐，尤其是西洋梨(巴厘)。梨树的开花顺序是先开花。与苹果相反。一般先开的花，它的幼果大，发育好，要留着。

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